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    Energy Transactional, Finance and Regulatory Practice
    Energy Law

    Energy Transactional, Finance and Regulatory Practice

    Washington, DC
    Multi-State Practice
    Overview

    Experienced energy counsel from the inside out

    Cogent Law provides strategic legal counsel on energy regulation, project finance, power contracts, and regulatory compliance before FERC, the Department of Energy, and state energy authorities across the United States.

    Energy law is one of the most technically demanding and heavily regulated areas of legal practice. Whether you are developing a renewable energy project, negotiating a power purchase agreement, managing pipeline or transmission compliance, or navigating proceedings before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) or the Department of Energy (DOE), you need counsel who understands not just the law, but the industry.

    Our energy law practice is led by Thomas P. Gross, an attorney with over 30 years of experience in energy regulation, project finance, and complex energy transactions. He previously served as an attorney and Deputy Assistant General Counsel at FERC and the Department of Energy, where he supervised up to 40 attorneys on politically and legally sensitive energy matters and helped formulate the federal rules and regulations that reshaped today's electric and natural gas markets, including rules that created new flexibility in supply sources and transmission for large end users such as data centers.

    That regulatory background, combined with deep transactional experience on project-financing deals in the $250 million to $500 million range, gives our clients a distinctive advantage: counsel who understands how regulators think, how financial institutions think, how projects are financed, and how contracts need to be structured to withstand regulatory and financial scrutiny.

    His experience transcends domestic energy issues to encompass significant international experience. With in-country experience in Indonesia, India, Nepal, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Dominican Republic, and more, Mr. Gross is powerfully equipped and capable of understanding and dealing with unique regulatory and financial issues that emerge in foreign jurisdictions. Foreign issues transcend the parties involved in the project; Mr. Gross has significant experience dealing with members of foreign Parliaments, high-level members of foreign executive branches such as Ministers of Energy, and CEOs of participating companies. Energy is a critical component of infrastructure development for promoting economic progress. It is peppered with political issues, financial issues, regulatory issues, national security issues, and integrally tied to stable economic progress. Mr. Gross’s experience encompasses all of these, e.g., Team Leader for drafting the Indonesian Oil & Gas Law signed by President Megawatti Sukarno Putti, drafter of the Bulgarian Energy law, drafter of the Macedonian hydroelectric licenses, and more.

    Mr. Gross was trained as a physicist, holds a graduate degree from Stanford University in Applied Physics, and is an Adjunct Professor teaching Corporate Law & Securities, and International Business Transactions at the Graduate School of Business for The George Washington University. That multidisciplinary background, spanning physics, law, finance, energy, and technology, informs every engagement.

    Who We Serve

    Who needs energy law and regulatory counsel?

    01Independent power producers and qualifying facilities — IPPs and QFs navigating FERC regulations, power purchase agreements, interconnection requirements, and the full range of federal and state energy compliance obligations.
    02Renewable energy developers — Solar, wind, biofuel, and waste-to-energy project developers requiring counsel on permitting, regulatory strategy, project finance, land acquisition, and power contract structuring.
    03Pipeline and transmission developers — Companies developing, operating or negotiating with natural gas pipelines, transmission lines, and related energy infrastructure requiring regulatory approvals and commercial agreements.
    04Data centers and large energy end users — Data centers and industrial users with significant energy needs requiring reliable supply arrangements, power purchase agreements, and compliance with federal/state regulatory requirements.
    05Oil and gas companies — Oil and gas operators requiring counsel on regulatory compliance, contract negotiation, land acquisition and lease agreements, and dispute resolution before state and federal energy authorities.
    06Financial institutions and project finance participants — Lenders, investors, and financial institutions involved in energy project financing requiring legal support on loan structuring, ratings, and transactional documentation.
    07International energy and infrastructure investors — Foreign governments and private investors seeking legal and regulatory guidance on energy project development, cross-border transactions, and investment framework reform.
    08Blockchain, cryptocurrency, and emerging energy technology companies — Technology companies at the intersection of energy and digital assets navigating regulatory frameworks, ICO and STO compliance, and distributed ledger applications in the energy sector.
    Our Approach

    How Cogent Law can help

    Through Mr. Gross, Cogent Law provides comprehensive legal support across the full spectrum of energy law, regulatory compliance, and energy project transactions. Our services include:

    01FERC and DOE regulatory counsel — Representation and strategic counsel before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and the Department of Energy (DOE) on rulemaking, compliance, licensing, and enforcement matters affecting electric power, natural gas, and energy infrastructure.
    02State energy regulatory compliance — Guidance on proceedings before state regulatory bodies including State Corporation Commissions (SCCs) and public utility commissions on rates, certificates, and compliance obligations for utilities and energy project developers.
    03Energy project development and permitting — Full-lifecycle legal support for energy projects from early-stage regulatory strategy and permitting through contract negotiation, financing, construction, and operations, covering renewable energy, natural gas, pipeline, transmission, biofuel, and waste-to-energy projects.
    04Power purchase agreements and energy contracts — Drafting and negotiation of power purchase agreements (PPAs), fuel transportation agreements, fuel supply agreements, interconnection agreements, and other commercial contracts essential to energy project development and operations.
    05Land acquisition, lease, and O&M agreements — Counsel on land acquisition contracts, land lease agreements, operation and maintenance (O&M) agreements, and related real property matters for energy infrastructure projects.
    06Project finance and energy transactions — Legal support for complex energy project financing, including loan structuring, rating processes with S&P and other institutions, participation agreements, and large-scale transactional documentation in the $250 million to $500 million range.
    07Renewable energy development — Strategic and transactional counsel for solar, wind, biofuel, waste-to-energy, and other renewable energy projects, including regulatory approvals, power contracting, and compliance with federal and state clean energy requirements.
    08Data center energy and infrastructure counsel — Legal guidance for data centers and large-scale energy users on power supply arrangements, public utility regulations, transmission access, and compliance with evolving federal and state energy requirements.
    09Oil and gas regulatory and transactional matters — Counsel on oil and gas regulatory compliance, exploration and production agreements, pipeline arrangements, and dispute resolution before state and federal energy authorities.
    10International energy law and regulatory reform — Legal and advisory services for foreign governments and international investors on energy law reform, investment framework development, and cross-border energy project transactions, with prior experience in numerous countries including Indonesia, Bulgaria, Romania, India, Nepal, Macedonia, and the Dominican Republic. International projects require careful monitoring of Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), Office of Foreign Asset Control (OFAC), and similar statutory requirements.
    11Blockchain, cryptocurrency, and energy technology — Regulatory analysis and transactional counsel for companies operating at the intersection of energy and digital assets, including ICO and STO documentation review, distributed ledger applications, and regulatory compliance for blockchain-based energy platforms.
    12Energy litigation and dispute resolution — Representation in energy-related litigation and regulatory disputes, including proceedings before FERC, state commissions, and federal courts involving power contracts, infrastructure disputes, siting and regulatory enforcement matters.

    In particular, our energy attorneys can assist with:
    ✔ FERC regulatory proceedings and compliance
    ✔ Department of Energy (DOE) matters
    ✔ State Corporation Commission (SCC) and public utility compliance
    ✔ Power purchase agreement (PPA) drafting and negotiation
    ✔ Fuel transportation and pipeline agreements
    ✔ Land acquisition, lease, and O&M agreement structuring
    ✔ Natural gas and electric market regulation
    ✔ Independent power producer (IPP) and qualifying facility (QF) matters
    ✔ Renewable energy project development and permitting
    ✔ Biofuel and waste-to-energy project counsel
    ✔ Pipeline and transmission line regulatory approvals
    ✔ Data center energy supply and public utility compliance
    ✔ Oil and gas regulatory compliance and contract negotiation
    ✔ Project finance documentation and ratings processes
    ✔ International energy law and regulatory reform
    ✔ Blockchain and cryptocurrency regulatory compliance
    ✔ ICO and STO documentation review and approvals
    ✔ Energy litigation and regulatory enforcement defense
    ✔ Cross-border energy transactions and investment structuring

    Key Benefits

    Regulatory and transactional experience at the highest levels

    Mr. Gross brings a rare combination of federal regulatory authority, large-scale transactional experience, and technical expertise that few practitioners can match.
    Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and Department of Energy — Served as attorney and Deputy Assistant General Counsel, supervising up to 40 attorneys on politically and legally sensitive energy matters. Helped formulate and draft the federal rules and regulations that reshaped the electric and natural gas industry, creating new supply flexibility and transmission access for large end users including data centers.
    Complex energy project finance — Transactional background includes project-financing deals in the $250 million to $500 million range, including work with financial institutions to obtain loan approvals and investment-grade ratings from S&P and other institutions.
    International energy and legal reform — Extensive international experience working with foreign governments on legal and regulatory reform designed to promote investment capital, including analyzing and drafting new energy laws for Indonesia, Bulgaria, and the Dominican Republic.
    Academic and technical credentials — Graduate degree from Stanford University. Advanced degrees from Stanford University and Case Western Reserve University. Admitted to the U.S. Supreme Court. Adjunct Professor at The George Washington University teaching Corporate Law, Securities, and International Business Transactions and Finance in the Graduate Business School. Trained as a physicist with a multidisciplinary background spanning physics, law, finance, energy, and technology.
    Global commentary and thought leadership — Regular guest commentator for Global Business, an international business broadcast televised worldwide, providing analysis on energy regulation, economic policy, cross-border transactions, and the legal frameworks shaping international markets.
    Our Process

    What to Expect When Working With Cogent Law

    Step 01
    Initial consultation

    We begin with a thorough review of your project, regulatory posture, and legal objectives to assess your needs and identify the right strategy.

    Step 02
    Tailored legal strategy

    Based on your specific goals, we develop a customized legal and regulatory plan addressing your compliance obligations, contractual needs, and project priorities.

    Step 03
    Transparent pricing

    Wherever possible, we offer flat-fee arrangements so you know upfront what to expect, with no surprises.

    Step 04
    Collaborative engagement

    We act as your strategic partner, maintaining clear and consistent communication at every stage of your matter.

    Step 05
    Ongoing support

    As regulations evolve and your projects scale, we remain by your side to provide continued legal guidance and regulatory counsel.

    Step 06
    Availability

    Attorneys that answer the phone when you call.

    Ready to move your energy project forward?

    Speak with our energy law team today to discuss your regulatory strategy, project finance needs, or compliance challenges.

    Contact us

    Cogent Law

    Cogent Law Group

    Washington, DC

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